A model that would not converge, three weeks before submission
A doctoral candidate had a structural model that failed to converge in AMOS and no idea why.
- The problem. The structural model would not converge, and the error message was not informative. The candidate had been adding and removing paths more or less at random for a fortnight.
- What we found. The measurement model had never been established. Two constructs shared four cross-loading items, so they were not empirically distinct, and the model was effectively trying to estimate the same construct twice.
- What we did. Ran the CFA first, demonstrated the discriminant validity failure with HTMT, revised the measurement model with the items that held together, then estimated the structural model — which converged immediately.
- The point. Almost every "my model will not converge" question is a measurement model question. Fixing the structural paths cannot solve it.